Hemingway y el Caribe

 

 

After the war, Hemingway published Across The River And Into The Trees, a novel about World War II, which was bitterly attacked by the critics. However, in 1952, he published The Old Man And The Sea, a story generally acclaimed one of his finest. He survived an airplane crash in 1954, the year he received the Nobel Prize in Literature. But his injuries had taken their toll and Hemingway died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound on July 2, 1961, in his home at Ketchum, Idaho.

Hemingway’s Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech Members of the Swedish Academy, Ladies and Gentlemen: Having no facility for speech-making and no command of oratory nor any domination of rhetoric, I wish to thank the administrators of the generosity of Alfred Nobel for this prize. No writer who knows the great writers who did not receive the prize can accept it other than with humility. There is no need to list these writers. Everyone here may make his own list according to his knowledge and his conscience. It would be impossible for me to ask the Ambassador of my country to read a speech in which a writer said all of the things which are in his heart. Things may not be immediately discernible in what a man writes, and in this sometimes he is fortunate; but eventually they are quite clear and by these and the degree of alchemy that he possesses he will endure or be forgotten. Writing, at its best, is a lonely life. Organisations for writers palliate the writer’s loneliness but I doubt if they improve his writing. He grows in public stature as he sheds his loneliness and often his work deteriorates. For he does his work alone and if he is a good enough writer he must face eternity, or the lack of it, each day. For a true writer each book should be a new beginning where he tries again for something that is beyond attainment. He should always try for something that has never been done or that others have tried and failed. Then sometimes, with great luck, he will succeed. How simple the writing of literature would be if it were only necessary to write in another way what has been well written. It is because we have had such great writers in the past that a writer is driven far out past where he can go, out to where no one can help him. I have spoken too long for a writer. A writer should write what he has to say and not speak it. Again I thank you.

Fiesta en Paris. Hemingway.

 

 

 

 

 

The Twenties

The restlessness of Hemingway in the period between the end of World War I and the publication of A Farewell to Arms became apparent in his many and varied activities during these ten years. He married Hadley Richardson in 1921 but they were divorced in 1927. Hemingway married Pauline Pfeiffer the same year. He worked for the Toronto Star and Star Weekly from 1920 until 1924. In 1921, he returned to Europe and travelled widely throughout the continent. He fell in love with Spain, which figures so prominently in his writings, during the twenties. Hemingway covered the international events of that decade and met such world figures as Lloyd George, Clemenceau, and Mussolini. Hemingway early grasped the dangers of Fascism and wrote scathingly of the Italian dictator, whom he disliked immediately. In 1924, Hemingway settled in Paris to devote himself to his own writing and was introduced through Sherwood Anderson to the influential circle of Gertrude Stein. He published Three Stories And Ten Poems in 1923; In Our Time, a compendium of stories and vignettes, in 1924; the expanded version of these Nick Adams stories, In Our Time, in 1925, in the United States; The Torrents of Spring, a satirical, unsuccessful novel, in 1926; and of course The Sun Also Rises, in 1926, and A Farewell To Arms in 1929. His father suicide in 1928 affected him greatly.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Las campanas doblan por ti. Hemingway.

The thirtiesHemingway’s reputation mounted during these years. He travelled a great deal, which is reflected in the work of that period. He published thirty-one articles and stories in Esquire; Death in the Afternoon in 1932 and Winner Take Nothing in 1933. When the Civil War broke out in 1936, Hemingway went to Spain as a correspondent for the North American Newspaper Alliance. His sympathies were on the side of Loyalists against the forces of Franco. In 1937, he published the novel To Have And Have Not. In 1938, he published The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories- a volume containing the play, and all the stories of his previous collections, in addition to seven published but uncollected tales. In 1940 he published For Whom the Bell Tolls, a novel about the Spanish Civil War, which had great success. He was divorced again that year and immediately married Martha Gellhorn.

Later Life Hemingway eagerly looked forward to action in World War II. He maintained an anti-submarines patrol in Cuba waters and planned to decoy submarines with his own boat. Obviously restless in Cuba, where he had settled after 1940, Hemingway went again as a war correspondent to France where he organised a group of irregulars. He entered Paris among the first, in August of 1944, and «Liberated» the Ritz Hotel, where he posted a guard with the notification: «Papa took good hotel. Plenty stuff in cellar.» His third marriage ended in divorce in 1944 and he married Mary Welsh. «Papa» Hemingway had three children of his early marriages: John by the first, Patrick and Gregory by the second.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Las armas del adiós. Hemingway.

Ernest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois, a small, middle-class suburb of Chicago. Nothing in his early background indicated the bold approach he was to employ in his novels. The second of six children, Hemingway led the normal active life of a schoolboy. Although not especially popular, he took part in sports, debates, the school orchestra, wrote and edited the school newspaper. Summers were spent outdoors in northern Michigan at a family camp. However, tension evidently existed between the parents. Dr. Clarence E. Hemingway, a physician and enthusiastic outdoors-man, instilled in the young Ernest the love of hunting, fishing and the natural life which he never abandoned. Grace Hall Hemingway, very pious and very active in church affairs, tried to interest the son in music and cultural pursuits; for example, Ernest was taught to play the cello. The young Hemingway ran away from home twice, and worked in a number of odd jobs. His chance at escape from family and small-town pressures came when the U.S.A. entered World War I in 1917. He immediately volunteered but was rejected because of an eye injury; however, he was accepted as an ambulance driver on the Italian front early in 1918.

 

 World War I

Hemingway’s experience in the first World War fashioned much of his personal and literary outlook. After leaving his job as a reporter on the Kansas City Star to join the ambulance corps in Italy, he was abruptly and brutally introduced to the facts of War. He witnessed a munitions explosion in Milan upon his arrival, and on July 8, 1918, just before his nineteenth birthday, he was severely wounded. He underwent twelve operations for removal of some 200 fragments of mortar shell but returned to the war as an infantry officer with the Italian army. Two medals were awarded to Hemingway by the Italian Government for his bravery during World War I. These experiences are vividly reflected in many of his novels. His heroes depict the attitude of Hemingway toward war and men at war.